Most tummy pain is not surgical
Constipation, stomach bugs, worms, urine infections and simple wind cause most tummy aches in children. These are treated without an operation. The surgeon's job is to tell the difference.
Appendicitis
- Pain that starts around the navel and moves to the lower right side.
- Fever, vomiting, loss of appetite.
- Pain that is worse on walking, jumping, coughing or when the belly is pressed.
- Young children may not point to the spot; they simply lie still and refuse food.
Diagnosis rests on examination, blood tests and an ultrasound. Treatment is surgery to remove the appendix (appendicectomy), open or laparoscopic. Delay can lead to a burst appendix and a more serious illness.
Go to a hospital immediately if
- A baby or toddler has sudden attacks of severe crying, draws up the legs, vomits, or passes stool like red jelly (a sign of intussusception, where one part of the bowel telescopes into another).
- Green (bile-stained) vomiting at any age, especially in a newborn (a sign of bowel obstruction or twisting).
- The belly is swollen and hard, or the child is very drowsy or pale.
- Pain that is severe, constant and not easing.
Other surgical causes
Gallbladder or bile-duct problems (such as a choledochal cyst, which may cause tummy pain, fever and jaundice), hernia that is stuck, twisted testis or ovary, and blockage of the bowel.
Common questions
Does every tummy ache need an operation?
No. Most do not. The surgeon examines and decides whether tests, observation or surgery is best.
Can I give a painkiller and wait?
If pain is severe, or the warning signs above are present, do not wait at home. Have the child examined.
This page is for general information for parents. Every child is different: after examination and tests, an experienced paediatric surgeon decides the condition and the method of treatment. So for any problem, please consult a registered paediatric surgeon.